From an overarching perspective on India’s healthcare system, the most crucial priority is the establishment of a robust Public Health System. Historically, our healthcare system has predominantly focused on curing illnesses and relied heavily on hospitals. However, this approach is not economically sustainable given our vast population. Our primary goal should be to maintain the health of as many people as possible for as long as possible, which is the essence of public health.

In recent years, there has been a conscious effort by the government to shift the healthcare system’s focus towards public and primary healthcare. A significant initiative in this regard is the establishment of health and wellness centers. These centers provide comprehensive primary healthcare, including services for communicable diseases, reproductive maternal child health, and importantly, screening for non-communicable diseases with an emphasis on prevention.

The second aspect is prevention itself, with a strong focus on early detection, screening, and the integration of Ayush (traditional Indian medicine systems). Prevention plays a critical role in maintaining public health, and Ayush has its role.

In terms of healthcare delivery, the government is committed to ensuring that healthcare services are accessible not only in major cities but also in tier 2 and tier 3 areas. This involves partnering with the private sector to increase healthcare services’ reach, aided significantly by technology adoption. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the adoption of telemedicine, which can continue to provide access to healthcare services in underserved and remote areas.

Human resources for health are a top priority. Reforms in medical education, nursing, and the focus on public health professionals are essential to strengthen the healthcare workforce. Adequate and well-trained health professionals are indispensable for the healthcare ecosystem.

Additionally, there is a significant emphasis on the medical device and pharmaceutical sectors. The government aims to promote ‘Make in India’ in these sectors, not just for basic devices and drugs but also for high-end, technologically advanced products. The recent introduction of a new medical device policy reflects this commitment to self-reliance in healthcare manufacturing.

Views expressed by Urvashi Prasad, Director, Office of Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog at 11th Elets Healthcare Innovation Summit & Awards

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